Charge imbalance observed in voltage-biased superconductor–normal tunnel junctions

Physical Review B - Condensed Matter and Materials Physics Volume 73 Issue 13 Page 134507-1-134507-4 published_at 2006-04-07
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Title ( eng )
Charge imbalance observed in voltage-biased superconductor–normal tunnel junctions
Creator
Source Title
Physical Review B - Condensed Matter and Materials Physics
Volume 73
Issue 13
Start Page 134507-1
End Page 134507-4
Abstract
We have studied the tunneling current of a superconductor-insulator-normal tunnel junction connected to a nonequilibrium superconductor in which nonvanishing charge imbalance is present, by injection experiments using multiterminal devices fabricated with electron beam lithography. We found that the tunneling current could be separated into excess current, due to charge imbalance, and normal current, which showed clear and different dependences on the bias voltage, as expected from the theory of charge imbalance [M. Tinkham, Phys. Rev. B 6, 1747 (1972)]. We also found in the analysis of the normal current that nonequilibrium distributions were created in the normal electrode; they were presumably caused by excitation due to hot electrons that tunneled from the nonequilibrium superconductor.
Language
eng
Resource Type journal article
Publisher
American Physical Society
Date of Issued 2006-04-07
Rights
Copyright (c) 2006 American Physical Society.
Publish Type Version of Record
Access Rights open access
Source Identifier
[ISSN] 1098-0121
[DOI] 10.1103/PhysRevB.73.134507
[NCID] AA11187113
[DOI] http://dx.doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevB.65.220402