ニュートン『プリンキピア』における「哲学することの規則IV」追加の動機

HABITUS Volume 28 Page 51-71 published_at 2024-03-20
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Title ( jpn )
ニュートン『プリンキピア』における「哲学することの規則IV」追加の動機
Title ( eng )
Newton’s Motive for Addition of “Rule IV of Reasoning” to his Principia
Creator
SHIMAZAKI Taichi
Source Title
HABITUS
Volume 28
Start Page 51
End Page 71
Number of Pages 21
Journal Identifire
[PISSN] 2186-7909
[NCID] AA12942536
Abstract
Newton added “Rule IV of Reasoning” in the third edition of his Principia. The aim of this paper is to clarify the reason why this Rule was added. Although “Rule IV” is new in the third edition of the Principia, its contents is anticipated in previous texts, especially the second English edition of the Opticks. Nevertheless, Newton added it again. As the background of this addition, I focus on his manuscripts for “Definitions” which was written in the same period as the formation of outlines of “Rule IV”. In these manuscripts, he tries to define body, vacuum, and phenomenon in the daily and physical context in contrast with mathematical definitions in Book I in the Principia. It seems that the plan of “Rule IV” is derived from that of “Definitions”. It is important to note that Newton plans to settle both “Rule of Reasoning” and plan of “Definitions” in the front of Book III in the Principia. Book III is philosophical, that is, physical part whereas Book I and II is mathematical one of the Principia. Newton tried to clarify the goal of Book III through stressing the necessity of daily and sensible phenomenon which is explored in experiments. Therefore, he adds “Rule IV” and declares that experimental philosophy begins with our phenomena in the Principia as “Mathematical Principles of Natural Philosophy”.
Language
jpn
Resource Type journal article
Publisher
西日本応用倫理学研究会
Date of Issued 2024-03-20
Publish Type Version of Record
Access Rights open access
助成機関名
日本学術振興会
Japan Society for the Promotion of Science
助成機関識別子
研究課題名
「哲学者ニュートン」像の構築―「哲学することの諸規則」の成立と影響―
「哲学者ニュートン」像の構築―「哲学することの諸規則」の成立と影響―
研究課題番号
23K12010