ある「民族資産階級」と上海の社会主義改造（1949～1965）

A "National Bourgeoisie" and Socialist Transformation in Shanghai (1949-1965)

MIZUHA Nobuo

アジア社会文化研究

The journal of social and cultural studies on Asia

[PISSN] 1346-1567

[NCID] AA11472506

The term "national bourgeoisie" is an arbitrary political term because the Communist Party unilaterally decides who is "national" and, therefore, does not fit in academic discussions. However, it is an indisputable fact that capitalism in China in the first half of the 20th
century achieved reasonable development from the 1930s onward, and that a certain number of pro-Communists existed among Chinese bourgeoisie.
The author believes that liberal currents of thought continued to exist in mainland China until 1957, and that it is necessary to consider the role of the national bourgeoisie, the bearers of liberal thought, in Chinese politics. This paper focuses on Sun Ding (孫鼎：1908-1977) as a specific example of a national bourgeois on the eve of the Great Proletarian Cultural Revolution.
Sun Ding has not been analyzed from the perspective of political history or history of political thought; he entered Nankai Junior High School in Tianjin in 1921 and the Electrical Engineering Department of Shanghai Jiao Tong University in 1926, graduated in 1930, and found employment in Shanghai. Although he did not study abroad and worked in the business world after graduation, he was an intellectual of the same generation as Lei Haizong and Fei Xiaotong and received the highest level of education at that time.
Sun Ding's ambition to create "Siemens in Asia" was to develop China's electrical equipment industry, and he remained on the mainland after the establishment of the People's Republic of China, becoming one of the first national bourgeois in Shanghai to embrace Socialist transformation. In 1956, after a joint operation by government and private individuals, the Xin’an（新安） motor factory had nearly 1,000 workers, making it one of the largest enterprises.
Sun Ding is not a politically prominent figure but is an example of the general state of the national bourgeoisie, which is primarily economic. Therefore, the author is examining this topic.

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アジア社会文化研究会