思考力の芽生えを培うための環境・援助のあり方とは : 感じ，考え，試す3歳児の姿から

What Environment and Assistance is Needed to Foster the Development of Thinking Ability? : Based on Three-year-old Children's Feeling, Thinking, and Trial

中山 芙充子

広島大学附属三原学校園研究紀要

Hiroshima Daigaku Fuzoku Mihara Gakkoen kenkyu kiyo

[PISSN] 2185-5242

[NCID] AA12942412

本研究の目的は，「思考力の芽生え」を培うために，3歳児が感じ，考え，試す体験を積み重ねられるような環掛構成や援助のあり方を明らかにすることである。検証の方法は，3歳児が身近なものや人とかかわる中で感じ，考え，試す様子の実践事例を用いて保育カンファレンスを行い，よりよい環境構成・援助のあり方を検討した。その結果，3歳児の思考力の芽生えを培うための環境・援助として，①子どもが自然事象に興味をもっている時を見逃さずに，ともに立ち止まり，見つめ，共感する援助，②子どもたちの発見を認め問いかける援助，③子どもがやりたいと思ったことに対してあきらめずに取り組めるような援助，④子どもがやりたいと思ったことを実際に試したり繰り返したりできるような環境構成，⑤同学年や異学年の様々な発見や工夫にふれる場の設定やかかわりをつなげる環境・援助の必要性が示された。

The aim of the present study is to reveal what environmental composition (things and people which help children) and assistance is needed for three-year-old children to accumulate experience of feeling, thinking, and trial to foster "the development of thinking ability". In order to reveal them, this study employed teachers' conferences based on practical cases which three-year-old children feel, think, and try something when they got involved with others and things around them. The result of the study shows that the following environment and assistance to make children foster thinking ability are needed: (l) teachers' assistance to think together and sympathize with the children when they have interest in natural events: (2) aids which accept their :findings and ask questions to deepen their thought: (3) teachers' aids to encourage the children to continue tackling what they want to do: (4) an environment in which the children are able to try and duplicate what they want to do : (5) environment and aids to expand involvement and opportunities to be exposed to the other children's' :findings and devices.

教育 [ 370 ]

日本語

広島大学附属三原幼稚園

広島大学附属三原小学校

広島大学附属三原中学校

[ISSN] 2185-5242