くぐり動作における身体接触の実証的研究 : 発達障害児は物にぶつかることが多い

A Study of Physical Contact in Passing-Under Movements : Children with Developmental Disorder Have More Collisions

Shimatani Koji

Tanaka Yoshifumi

Kanai Shusaku

Otsuka Akira

Oki Sadaaki

Sekiya Hiroshi

理学療法科学

[Purpose] In this study, we examined physical contact with obstacles by children with and without developmental disorders (DD). [Subjests] Participants were nine children with DD and nine normal children. [Methods] All participants went through a course with seven pieces of playground equipment and six bars at different heights under three conditions: the first trial was with no instruction, the second trial was with an instruction to avoid collision, and the third trial was with an instruction to avoid collision and go through as fast as possible. [Results] The children with DD had more physical contact with the bars than normal children, indicating that attention deficit was not the cause of the increased contact in the children with DD. They also showed a significantly higher number of waist-contacts when compared to the normal children. This suggests that the children with DD had more contact when concurrent visual-feedback could not be used during avoidance movements. [Conclusion] It is possible that incorrect estimation based on body-characteristic information is the cause of the increased contact in the children with DD.

[目的]本研究の目的は,くぐり動作を用いて,発達障害児と健常児の障害物への身体接触を比較検証することであった。[対象]5～6歳の健常児と発達障害児,各9名を対象とした。[方法]課題は7種類の遊具と高さの異なる6つのバーを交互に設置したコースを通り抜けることであった。障害物との接触回避に関する注意喚起を与えない条件,接触回避を与える条件,そして接触回避および早く移動することを促す条件の3条件を設け,それぞれ1試行ずつ行わせた。[結果]発達障害児は健常児に比べて,条件に関わらず接触頻度が高かった。また,発達障害児は腰部の接触頻度が高かった。[結語]発達障害児の接触の多さは,注意の欠陥が原因ではないと考えられる。また,視覚フィードバックを随時利用して,接触しないようにくぐり動作を行うことが困難な状況において身体接触が多いことから,身体特性情報に基づく行為の見積もりの不正確さが,発達障害児の身体接触の多さの原因であることを示唆した。

developmental disorders

passing-under movements

発達障害児

くぐり動作

Medical sciences [ 490 ]

jpn

理学療法科学学会

The Society of Physical Therapy Science

Copyright (c) 2009 by the Society of Physical Therapy Science

[ISSN] 1341-1667

[NCID] AN10472896

[DOI] 10.1589/rika.23.721

[DOI] http://dx.doi.org/10.1589/rika.23.721 isVersionOf