アテナイ植民地のアイデンティティー : プロソポグラフィックなアプローチの試み

Identity of the Athenian Colonists : A Prosopographical Approach

Maeno Hiroshi

史學研究

The Review of the Study of History : Shigaku Kenkyu

[PISSN] 0386-9342

[NCID] AN00100206

Studies of the relationship between Athens and her colonies so far have been mainly focusing attention on the legal status. They tried to determine which colony had the Athenian citizenship and which had not. They have regarded colonies holding the Athenian citizenship as to be closely connected to their mother city automatically. They have thought that the Ahtenians were able to make use of such colonies as one of their instruments to rule over their empire, i.e. garrison or military colony. In fact, however, it is not undoubted that the citizen-colonies were closely connected or submitted to their mother city. Indeed it could be said in the legal sphere. But this is just an image gained from a view point of the citizens living in Athens. Laying the view point on the colonists' side and focusing attention on the emotion of the colonists to their mother city and the attitude of citizens in Athens towards the colonists themselves should lead us to a different conclusion. Identity, which must have determined the action of the colonists, is not always the same as citizenship. In this paper the following four points will be discussed:

1) The physical and mental distance between the colonies and their mother city will be examined. The physical distance should have a great influence on their mental relationship. Most of the colonies lie in the sphere of three-or-four-day-travel.

2) The fact that some colonists were discriminated by the citizens in Athens for lack of persons who recognized them will be made clear.

3) The fact that some colonists were able to make use of their mother city for their own purpose or some challenged against the mother city will be dealt. The attitude of the colonists towards the mother city depends upon their generation.

4) The examinations above are limited by materials to the cases of historically well known people. In order to research the emotion of the common people 230 epitaphs available will be analysed. Some show that the colonists had dual identity both to the colony and to the mother city.

These facts suggest that Athens as the mother city was always challenged by the separating tendency of the colonies. However, Athens could manage to overcome it. Therefore, there mains a second question: How could Athens do that? This question will be discussed on another occasion.

General history of Europe [ 230 ]

jpn

広島史学研究会

[ISSN] 0386-9342

[NCID] AN00100206