臨海部の開発が海風と都市熱環境に及ぼす影響に関する数値実験

Effect of urbanization in a coastal region on sea breeze and urban thermal environment

Kawahara Yoshihisa

川又 孝太郎

玉井 信行

環境システム研究

Effect of land use development in a coastal region on heat island phenomenon is studied numerically by an urban climate model that employs the k-e turbulence model and an eddy diffusivity model for the transport of momentum, temperature and moisture in the Eckman layer together with a heat balance model for the surface boundary layer and the soil layer. Numerical simulations are carried out for a simplified terrain which consists of sea and land. Changes in wind velocity, temperature and heat fluxes are discussed for three types of land use, that is land surfaces are 1) covered by grass, 2) urbanized as residential area and 3) further developed in a coastal region as business center. It is clarified in the urbanized area that decrease of latent heat flux and increase of sensible heat flux at urban surface raise temperature in the daytime. Urban canopy intensifies sensible heat transfer, leading to higher air temperature. Sea breeze is blocked by the increased roughness in urbanized zone, resulting in the reduced cooling effect of sea breeze.

heat island

land use

thermal environment

sea breeze

urban climate model

Construction. Civil engineering [ 510 ]

jpn

土木学会

Copyright (c) 1994 土木学会

[Created] 1994

[ISSN] 0915-0390

[NCID] AN10518148