India has travelled through a remarkable journey after Independence. As a fledgling democracy, the planned economic development took 40 long years from 1950-51 for India's real per capita GDP to double by 1990-91. Macroeconomic crisis of 1991 is a turning point in the post-Independence economic geography and history of India. The government of India adopted two completely different approaches of regional development in pre and post reform period after Independence. As a result of economic reform and unlocking its growth potential, in only 15 years, India's per capita income doubled in 2006-07 and going to double again by 2017-18, in only 10 years time. But rising income inequalities, loss of traditional livelihoods, increasing environmental problems and emerging social tensions in post reform period urge us to overview the degree of inclusiveness achieved in balanced sustainable regional development goals and further do the needful course correction in the policies.