中国诗歌的“言志”传统与诗人的社会责任

The formation of Chinese traditional poetry is directly related to the unique geographical environment and the type of the origin of Chinese civilization. The ancient China, which is based on the highly developed farming culture, has cultivated the Chinese philosophy of “Tian-ren-he-yi” and further developed the poetic thinking of Chinese. Chinese poetry grasp the world through images, and express the poet’s ideology through a pattern which describes something from nature to society and to life, or conversely, from life to society and finally to nature. “Emotions stirred by external objects”, which is the writing mode of Chinese poetry and has practiced in the composition of poems, has proved the Chinese view of the universe and their epistemology, “Tian-ren-he-yi”. The writing style and the creation of the artistic realm, which is based on Bi-Xing, reflect the Chinese aesthetic pursuit with the characteristics of “Humanized Nature”. Chinese believe that the origin of poetry is the emotion which is stirred by the external objects, so the earliest theory of the poetry origin is the concept of Soul- touching. The central part of Chinese poetry is the lyric poetry which is characterized by describing the ambition. The Chinese poetry history is not only the history of the Chinese poems, but also a growth history of Chinese poets. When Chinese appraise poems, the evaluation of a poet is indispensable. The ideological realm and the cultivation of personality of poets are considered as important aspects of evaluating poets. The grade of poetry reflects the quality of the poet, and when you read a poem, you can describe the characteristics of the poet. This is an important principle when Chinese evaluate poems.