この文献の参照には次のURLをご利用ください : https://doi.org/10.15027/52267
アジア社会文化研究 Issue 23
published_at 2022-03-31
通渭社火 : 中国農村の正月儀礼と燃灯儀礼についての一考察
Tongwei Shehuo（通渭社火）: A Study of New Year's Rituals and Lantern Festival in Rural China
Abstract
"Tongwei(通渭)" is the name of a county in the eastern mountainous region of what is now Dingxi City in Gansu Province, China.
At the time of the first survey in 2002, we conducted a survey of skin shadow play mainly i n the two districts o f Jichuan and Biyu, where electricity had not been available for less than three years. However, this is the reason why many traditional events such as skin shadow plays have been preserved, especially during the village's annual event "Shah fire" which lasts for two weeks from the first day of the Chinese New Year to the first night of the New Year on the 15th.
The purpose of the February 2008 survey was also to investigate traditional New Year's events, including shadow puppet plays, but especially the central event of the company fire(社火). It is a traditional event in Chinese folklore in which various plays are performed to welcome the gods of the village on days such as the Chinese New Year. In this year's Waning, the New Year's fire was still held according to the traditional method. The characteristic features of this event are that it is held at night, the wearing of animal masks and the sound of torches and whips are used to ward off evil, and a ceremony is held to worship the gods of the land.
This paper is a part of the results of research conducted with the main goal of comparing the traditional events of Tongwei County, Gansu Province, with the customs found in Dunhuang literature, which is the author's main research area. As a result, although it was not easy to compare the customs and manners of Dunhuang, which are separated by 1,000 years, I think I was able to touch a part of the flow of inheritance of Chinese traditional events.
At the time of the first survey in 2002, we conducted a survey of skin shadow play mainly i n the two districts o f Jichuan and Biyu, where electricity had not been available for less than three years. However, this is the reason why many traditional events such as skin shadow plays have been preserved, especially during the village's annual event "Shah fire" which lasts for two weeks from the first day of the Chinese New Year to the first night of the New Year on the 15th.
The purpose of the February 2008 survey was also to investigate traditional New Year's events, including shadow puppet plays, but especially the central event of the company fire(社火). It is a traditional event in Chinese folklore in which various plays are performed to welcome the gods of the village on days such as the Chinese New Year. In this year's Waning, the New Year's fire was still held according to the traditional method. The characteristic features of this event are that it is held at night, the wearing of animal masks and the sound of torches and whips are used to ward off evil, and a ceremony is held to worship the gods of the land.
This paper is a part of the results of research conducted with the main goal of comparing the traditional events of Tongwei County, Gansu Province, with the customs found in Dunhuang literature, which is the author's main research area. As a result, although it was not easy to compare the customs and manners of Dunhuang, which are separated by 1,000 years, I think I was able to touch a part of the flow of inheritance of Chinese traditional events.
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本稿は2002年3月と2008年2月に行ったフィールド調査の折にまとめた報告書を編集したビデオ資料をもとに、日本学術振興会科学研究費補助金基盤研究(B) 16H03404「9、10世紀敦煌仏教、道教、民間信仰融合資料の綜合的研究」（2016-20年度）の研究成果として再整理したものである。
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