This paper is a forestep to examine the prognosis of school refusals. Consideration was made on; 1) trends of studies on school refusals, and 2) changesin the use of terms over times. Also, studies on prognosis of school refusals were reviewed.
Firstly, to examine the trend, numbers and changes in source of references were investigated. Secondly, changes in the use of terms, such as "tokokyohi", "gakkokyofusho", "futoko", "gakkogirai", and their definitions are considered. And thirdly, studies on prognosis of school refusals were reviewed. Subjects, methods, results, and characteristics of prognosis studies are reviewed. It was made clear that many studies point out factors such as personal factors, family, and others (e.g. therapy) to have effect on prognosis of school refusals, but studies examined the actual process of prognosis were not many. Few studies attempted to find indexes which could stand as a measure of prognosis.