Diet and foraging behavior of Dampieria cyclophthalma were studied on shallow reef habitats at Kuchierabu Island (30°28'N, 130°, 10'E), southern Japan. This species was especially common at reef in living under ledges and rocks and interstices of dead coral rocks. Most of prey were small fish and benthonic invertebrates, including crabs, shrimps, gastropods, urchins, and polychaetes. Its charachteristic foraging method was to lie in wait for prey species to come near enough for capture and then lunged suddenly and rapidly. After waiting for short periods, the fish moved short distance to another ambush site. Its ambush site was changed frequently, because prey animals did not move about wide ranges.