ケルソネーソス、ナクソス、エウボイア植民 : 「エンクテーマタ型植民」の検討 <論説>

The Athenians sent their colonists to the Chersonesos, Nexos, and Euboia many times from the end of the archaic period to the end of the classic period. In some texts two different group-discribings of colonies can be seen; one is Lemnos, Imbros, and Scyros, the other is the Chersonesos, Naxos, and Euboia. It seem that the people of Athens who lived in the fifth and forth century B. C. had an idea of distinguishing their colonies into two categories like that. What was the criterion?

I have given a hypothesis that the distinction between so called apoikies and cleruchies does not lie in the citizenship of colonists but in the concept of territory of Athens. I have already tried to make clear the characteristic of the first one, Lemnos, Imbros, and Scyros in following three points.

(1) whether the former inhabitants were driven out or not.

(2) whether the colonists were the Athenians or not.

(3) whether the land of colonies was the athenian territory or not.

To sum up the result, these colonies were founded by drinving out all of the former inhabitants by force who were non-greek. Although they eatablished a new polis, the colonists were the Athenians in the forth centyry B. C. and the lands were the territory of Athens, which was called ktemata.

In this paper the other group, the Chersonesos, Naxos, and Euboia will be examined in the same three points. The opposite result will be led that these three colonies were founded by coexisting with the former inhabitants who were the Ionians like the Athenians. The colonists were the Athenians and the lands were territory of Athens, which were called egktemata.