秦代刻石文的文本特征与文体归属

秦代七篇刻石文是秦王朝遗留后世的一份重要石刻文献，在历史、政治、风俗、书法、法律、文学等诸多方面具有重要的研究价值。就文学方面而言，刻石文以夸耀事功、圣化君王为途径，以歌颂秦德、宣扬秦制为目的，文辞上多鼓吹夸饰之谀语，格式上守严谨庄重之体制，行文简而有法，繁而守度，具有鲜明的秦文学时代特点。以文体而不以载体观之，这七篇刻石文的文体既不属于石刻文，也不属于铭文，更不属于碑铭文，而是属于典型的封禅文体。

The seven stone inscriptions of the Qin Dynasty are an important stone carving document left over by the Qin Dynasty. It has important research value in history, politics, customs, calligraphy, law, literature and many other aspects. In terms of literature, as it is concerned, the stone carving takes the way of boasting and sanctified the king, with the purpose of praising the Qin virtue and promoting the Qin system, advocates the flattery, the rigorous and solemn system, the simple and legal, complex and disciplined, and has the distinct characteristics of the Qin literature era. Based on the style rather than the carrier, the style of these seven stone inscriptions belongs neither to stone carvings, nor inscriptions, nor inscriptions, but to the typical style of Fengshan.