In the second grade of junior high school science, students conduct inquiry learning that makes using scientific perspectives and thoughts. During inquiry learning, the emphasis is on formulating a method for solving a problem, and then conducting observational experiments to analyze and consider the results. "Climate in Japan" was considered suitable for exploratory learning of earth science-related content for second grade students of junior high school. This paper first summarized the reasons. Then, based on the current state of meteorological learning, the significance and points to keep in mind when treating "Climate in Japan" as inquiry learning were examined. Finally, a concrete instruction plan was conceived.