アジア社会文化研究 Issue 21
published_at 2020-03-31

モンゴル地方自治政務委員会とその宗教政策 : 内モンゴルの近代への途

Religious Policy of the Mongol Political Affairs Committee for Local Autonomy: On the Way to Modern Inner Mongolia
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Abstract
On April 23, 1934, the Mongol Local Autonomy Political Affairs Committee was officially established as the local government in Bailingmiao, Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region. However, the shortlived Mongol Local Autonomy Political Affairs Committee survived for less than two years from its establishment to collapse. Nevertheless, the Mongol Local Autonomy Political Affairs Committee was the pinnacle of the modern Inner Mongolian nationalist movement.
In this paper, as a part of the study of Mongolian government, the inherent political and religious relationships in Inner Mongolia were analyzed in an exploration of the regional dynamics including the nationalist movement and the high-ranked monks’ religious activities to identify the religious policy of the Mongol Local Autonomy Political Affairs Committee.
The Buddhist reforms in Inner Mongolia were inspired by external impacts, such as religious freedom and the separation of religion and politics. The reforms aimed to “purify” Tibetan Buddhism, which was at the center of traditional Mongolian philosophy, from the modern Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region. An internal faction of Mongolian society reexamined the inherent political and religious relationships by retaining control over the Buddhist temples.
Descriptions
本稿は2017年5月20日に東京外国語大学で開催された日本モンゴル学会春季大会(2017年度)での報告「近代内モンゴル民族主義運動とラマ勢力―近代内モンゴルの政教関係1924~1936年)」に一部加筆、修正したものである。