This paper aims to make clear how to evolve research frameworks and tools in order to adapt for transition of regional structures in mountainous regions. In resent years, mountainous regions in Japan have seen rapid population decreasing and aging. Mountainous regions in Shimane Prefecture are preceding this population changing process, and as the results structural changes are taking places in community activities and environment. In order to adapt for these transition of regional structures, it is necessary to build new comprehensive management system which can cover a variety of areas and fields in mountainous regions. This new comprehensive management system needs wide-ranged involvement of local people as well as urban people. GIS (Geographic Information System) has recently proved its excellence in information sharing function, which is considered to be a very important tool for new comprehensive management system in mountainous regions.