地域経済低迷要因としての若年層流出と生活満足度に関する調査研究 : 三次市周辺地域の内発的発展に不可欠な社会心理学的、経済学的要因の探求 <研究ノート>

若年層の流出が地域経済の低迷の原因の1つと考え、三次市周辺地域の高校3年生を対象に、過疎の状況および生活の満足度を把握するため、アンケートによる調査を行った。その結果1)女子のQOL合計点は男子のそれに比し、有意に低値であった。2)女子のQOL合計点に有意相関する項目数は男子のそれに比し統計学的に少なかった。3)男女別の重回帰分析では、男子は、「病院・福祉」「地元貢献」「住まい」「地元好意」「外会話」「勉学環境」の順でQOL合計点に有意に影響を及ぼした。一方、女子のQOL合計点には、「自然環境」「地元好意」「災害事故」が有意に影響を及ぼした。

以上の結果より中山間地域は青年期前期の女性にとって生活の満足度が得難い状況があり、地域の内発的発展の活力を導き出すためには、女性の生活の質を現在より向上させる方策が不可欠だと考えられる。

We regard the outflow of young people from our home as a factor in the breakdown of the regional economy. We investigated the situation of depopulation in the neighbouring region of Miyoshi-city for high school students (third grade) by using both sociology-based and psychology-based questionnaires (BREF-WHOQOL26).

The main results are as follows.

1) Total QOL (quality of life) scores of girl students were statistically lower than that of boys.

2) The number of items which bore a significant correlation to the total QOL scores for girl students was statistically smaller than those for boy students.

3) The regression analysis showed that the total QOL scores of girl students were influenced by the items concerning natural conservation, affection shown at home and safety from natural disasters while, those of boy students were influenced by the items concerning the completion of medical care and welfare, the contribution of home life, home comforts, affection shown at home, communicative activities with people from other regions and the circumstance of education.

From these findings the policy that induced the increased rate of QOL in females was fundamentally necessary for the activation of endogenous development of hilly and mountainous areas, because there were some difficult situations from which the preadolescent female could not gain satisfaction in these regions.