This report deals with the role of public technical asistance program for the firm-level Human ResourceDevelopment (HRD) regarding the case studies of Japanese auto parts manufacturers. Specifically, the focus is onhow the two organization under Ministry of Economy, Trade and Industry (METI), Japan, that is , Japan OverseasDevelopment Corporation (JODC) and The Association for Overseas Technical Scholarship (AOTS) have con-tributed to the improvement of each firm's production control activities through their schemes, and what kind ofproblem remains.Many governments in developing countries, including Thailand, regard automobile industry as the strategic tar-get, because of big backward linkage effects. Especially, the development of auto parts industry has been empha-sized because it occupies the cosiderable part of the value added by the whole automobile industry. Thai car partsindustry is advanced in dealing with the global competition, compared with other developing countries. Therefore,it is regarded as the good case when considering industrial development.Japanese affiliates has the big presence in the industry. Local firms was not capable enough to support carassemblers fully and dominant Japanese assemblers preferred Japanese affiliates coming to Thailand. In accordancewith liberalization and production shift to export, they are required to improve QCD (quality, cost, delivery) levelmore than ever by training their employees. Consequently, intra-firm technology transfer in Japanese auto partsmanufacturers is supposed to be the indispensable route for HRD which is necessary to industrial development.After the economic crisis, METI, began to emphasize assistance to Japanese affiliates in the whole industrial sector,has tried to vitalize the human resource development path by utilizing JODC and AOTS schemes.