Wen-Hsin Tiao-Lung (10 vols) is a work written towards the end of the fifth century; it is the earliest description on literature and rhetoric in China. This work, therefore, occupies the most important position in the history of Chinese literary criticism : yet it has not prevailed so much because of its having many difficult points. Both the terms and the style of writing are very hard to understand, and especially the sentence-construction is so complicated that main difficulty seems to be here. In proceeding my research, I studied first the peculiarities and characteristics of the thought and style of the author of this work and made commentaries on the unique terms and sentence-construction, which I compiled in a form of book. This is a Commentary on Wen-Hsin Tiao-Lung. A part of my studies was published already in SINAGAKU-KENKYU" No.10, which this article follows. The present study will be published in due course.