The purpose of this study is to examine the actual condition of group home for children in residential care, and to clarify issues of the living environment. The main findings are as follows: 1) There are 194 group homes throughout Japan. 2) The types of the living environment are characterized by its property, the size of the housing and the member of the group homes. Not all the group homes afford enough space for the children and the staff. 3) The difference in living environment comes also from finances and child welfare policy in each local autonomy.