ダルモーッタラの「目的実現」理解

比較論理学研究 17 号 91-98 頁 2020-03-25 発行
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ファイル情報(添付)
タイトル ( jpn )
ダルモーッタラの「目的実現」理解
タイトル ( eng )
Dharmottara on arthakriyā
作成者
繆 寿楽
収録物名
比較論理学研究
The Annals of the Research Project Center for the Comparative Study of Logic
17
開始ページ 91
終了ページ 98
収録物識別子
[ISSN] 1880-6376
[NCID] AA12025285
抄録
Arthakriyā, the key concept of Dharmakīrti’s epistemology, has been the object of many investigations. Dharmakīrti used arthakriyā to distinguish svalakṣaṇ a from sāmānyalakṣaṇa. The Pramāṇavārttika states that svalakṣaṇa is capable of bringing about arthakriyā, whereas sāmānyalakṣaṇa is not (PV 3.3: arthakriyāsamarthaṃ yat tad atra paramārthasat | anyat saṃvrtisat proktaṃ te svasāmānyalakṣaṇe ||). Post-Dharmakīrti commentators have developed colorful arguments for this concept, and these arguments have been a major locus of research in Buddhist pramāṇ a theory. Nevertheless, the arguments made by Dharmottara, a famous commentator on Dharmakīrti’s works, have not been fully investigated. The purpose of this paper is to clarify Dharmottara’s arguments, to further the understanding of this notable concept, arthakiryā. A close examination of Dharmottara’s statements in his Nyāyabinduṭīkā clarifies his view of arthakriyā:

1. Dharmottara deems arthakriyā to be the obtaining of desirable objects or the shunning of undesirable objects (heyasya hānam upādeyasya upādānam) in the cases of both inference (anumāna) and perception (pratyakṣa).
2. Through inference, one wishes to obtain or shun an external object. To delineate that inference is not the direct cause of “the obtaining of an object,” Dharmottara shows how inference leads us to obtain the object. When inference occurs, we remember what we have observed before; this remembrance stimulates a will to take action, and this action leads us to obtain the object (NBṬ on NB 1.1: samyagjñāne hi sati pūrvadrṣṭasmaraṇam | smaraṇād abhilāṣaḥ | abhilāṣāt pravrttiḥ pravrtteś ca prāptiḥ | tato na sākṣāddhetuḥ |). Although Dharmottara does not explain how inference leads us to shun an object, the explanation is the same as aforementioned, i.e., when inference occurs, we remember what we have observed before; this remembrance stimulates a will to take action, and this action leads us to shun the object.
3. Through perception, one wishes only to obtain an object. In this case, the arising of a cognition is “the obtaining of an object,” because one’s object is achieved when a cognition arises (NBṬ on NB 1.1: arthakriyānirbhāse ca jñāne sati siddhaḥ puruṣārthaḥ |). Therefore, perception is the direct cause of “the obtaining of an object.” As for the shunning of an object, Dharmottara makes no statements, but his perspective can be understood as follows: since the arising of a cognition means “the obtaining of an object,” “the shunning of an object” should be the non-arising of a cognition.
内容記述
広島大学比較論理学プロジェクト研究センター研究成果報告書(2019年度)
言語
日本語
資源タイプ 紀要論文
出版者
広島大学比較論理学プロジェクト研究センター
発行日 2020-03-25
出版タイプ Version of Record(出版社版。早期公開を含む)
アクセス権 オープンアクセス
収録物識別子
[ISSN] 1880-6376
[NCID] AA12025285
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