Kokichi Morimoto, a pioneer of studies on consumption economics in Japan and an idealistic educator of girls and adults in the later Taisho and the early Showa era, paid attention to the leading role of the "middle class," especially that of the "educated class" in the improvement of living. However it seems that former studies are lacking in detailed examinations in Morimoto's thought and movement (Bunka-Seikatsu-Undo : the Modern/Cultural Life Movement) in the middle and the end of 1920s. In this paper I maintain that his idea of "the leading role of the middle/educated class" became ambiguous in the later 1920s. I also shed light on Morimoto's sympathetic attention to the "working class" and to their pitiful life. Morimoto took the projects for the "working class" as the "second mission" or the "ultimate goal" of Bunka-Seikatsu-Undo, although he couldn't make any concrete approaches to the working class as a matter of fact, and failed in expanding this movement as "social service" projects.