The purpose of this study is to reveal the possibilities and the meanings of paying attention to children’s cognition in educational practices through pointing out the originality of the approaches of the cognitive neuropsychology. The philosophy of the “Intelligent Testing” which proposed by A. S. Kaufman leaded the development of education oriented assessments. These assessments based on cognitive neuropsychology can provide the evidences for the intervention and instruction. These evidences can contribute the verification of the educational practices. Discrepancy/Consistency Approach is compatible with many kinds of achievement tests. Then in this approach, the inspectors can interpret the clinical information and quantitative data together. We can review whether the present educational practice suit the children’s cognitive characters. Planning has be regarded as important among the 4 cognitive processes, because it has strong connection to the education. PBI program which focus on the planning shows the way to support individual, class and school scale. Planning has noticed again because it become aware of the interaction with executive function. Assessment of planning is expected to contribute to educational conception and promotion the group learning.