In this paper, I consider the self-dialogue of the reader in the literary reading. First, I overviewed theory “The Dialogical self” by H. Hermans. It revealed a process of self-dialogue of the reader as a clue that. Second, using a Ryunosuke Akutagawa “Rashoumon”, it was considered a model of self-dialogue of the reader. As a result, along with the reveal the process of reading of being based on multiple of the readers of self, it was able to reveal the value of as a teaching tool of Ryunosuke Akutagawa “Rashoumon”. The literature there is a function to activate the self-dialogue, the reader is thereby obtain a new noticed.