The purpose of this study was to investigate the relationship among school maladjustment of survivors with child cancer, maternal perception of child vulnerability, and parenting behaviors. Participants were 46 children (26 males and 20 females: 9.9±1.7 years old) with cancer and their mothers. The children were asked to complete the School Maladjustment Scale for Children, and their mothers were also asked to answer the Child Vulnerability Scale Japanese version (CVS-J) and the Scale for Parenting Behavior. Results showed that maternal perception of child vulnerability was significantly associated with their parenting behavior. According to the result of Cluster Analysis, it was shown that the Overprotect and Spoisl type of parenting behavior related to school maladjustment of their children.