First M87 Event Horizon Telescope Results. VI. The Shadow and Mass of the Central Black Hole

The Astrophysical Journal Letters 875 巻 1 号 L6- 頁 2019-04-10 発行
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タイトル ( eng )
First M87 Event Horizon Telescope Results. VI. The Shadow and Mass of the Central Black Hole
作成者
The Event Horizon Telescope Collaboration
収録物名
The Astrophysical Journal Letters
875
1
開始ページ L6
抄録
We present measurements of the properties of the central radio source in M87 using Event Horizon Telescope data obtained during the 2017 campaign. We develop and fit geometric crescent models (asymmetric rings with interior brightness depressions) using two independent sampling algorithms that consider distinct representations of the visibility data. We show that the crescent family of models is statistically preferred over other comparably complex geometric models that we explore. We calibrate the geometric model parameters using general relativistic magnetohydrodynamic (GRMHD) models of the emission region and estimate physical properties of the source. We further fit images generated from GRMHD models directly to the data. We compare the derived emission region and black hole parameters from these analyses with those recovered from reconstructed images. There is a remarkable consistency among all methods and data sets. We find that >50% of the total flux at arcsecond scales comes from near the horizon, and that the emission is dramatically suppressed interior to this region by a factor >10, providing direct evidence of the predicted shadow of a black hole. Across all methods, we measure a crescent diameter of 42 ± 3 μas and constrain its fractional width to be <0.5. Associating the crescent feature with the emission surrounding the black hole shadow, we infer an angular gravitational radius of GM/Dc^2 = 3.8 ± 0.4 μas. Folding in a distance measurement of 16.8^+0.8_-0.7 Mpc gives a black hole mass of M = 6.5 ± 0.2∣_stat ± 0.7∣_sys × 10⁹M⊙. This measurement from lensed emission near the event horizon is consistent with the presence of a central Kerr black hole, as predicted by the general theory of relativity.
著者キーワード
black hole physics
galaxies: individual (M87)
gravitation
techniques: high angular resolution
techniques: interferometric
言語
英語
資源タイプ 学術雑誌論文
出版者
The American Astronomical Society
発行日 2019-04-10
権利情報
© 2019. The American Astronomical Society. Original content from this work may be used under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 3.0 licence. Any further distribution of this work must maintain attribution to the author(s) and the title of the work, journal citation and DOI.
出版タイプ Version of Record(出版社版。早期公開を含む)
アクセス権 オープンアクセス
収録物識別子
[ISSN] 2041-8205
[ISSN] 2041-8213
[DOI] 10.3847/2041-8213/ab1141
[DOI] https://doi.org/10.3847/2041-8213/ab1141