Molecular mechanism of the transport and reduction pathway of vanadium in ascidians

Coordination Chemistry Reviews 255 巻 19-20 号 2249-2257 頁 2011 発行
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タイトル ( eng )
Molecular mechanism of the transport and reduction pathway of vanadium in ascidians
作成者
Michibata Hitoshi
収録物名
Coordination Chemistry Reviews
255
19-20
開始ページ 2249
終了ページ 2257
抄録
Metal ions are required for physiologically essential functions such as metalloenzymatic reactions, redox reactions, electron transfer, regulation of transcription factor activity, and respiration in living cells. Generally, metal ions are homeostatically maintained at very low concentrations in the sub-micromolar to micromolar range in living cells. However, some organisms, called hyperaccumulators, collect extremely high levels of metal ions, thereby providing experimental systems in which to study the mechanisms underlying the selective accumulation of metal ions. Typical of such organisms are the ascidians, more commonly known as sea squirts or tunicates. They are sessile marine animals belonging to the chordates. Several species of ascidians are known to accumulate extremely high levels of vanadium ions in their blood cells. Vanadium is usually in the V-V state in the natural environment, but in ascidians, most of vanadium is reduced to V-III via V-IV during the assimilation process. In this review, we first summarize the history of the studies on vanadium accumulation in ascidians and then focus on the recent progress of molecular studies, especially on the transport and reduction of vanadium, using primarily two ascidian species, Ascidia sydneiensis samea and Ciona intestinalis. Several candidate genes for V-IV transporters and enzymes catalyzing the redox reactions of V-V/V-IV are addressed in detail. The function of accumulated V-III is discussed in relation to redox reactions. (C) 2011 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
著者キーワード
Vanadium
Sulfate
Proton
Ascidian
Redox
Membrane transporters
NDC分類
生物科学・一般生物学 [ 460 ]
言語
英語
資源タイプ 学術雑誌論文
出版者
Elsevier Science SA
発行日 2011
権利情報
(c) 2011 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
出版タイプ Author’s Original(十分な品質であるとして、著者から正式な査読に提出される版)
アクセス権 オープンアクセス
収録物識別子
[ISSN] 0010-8545
[DOI] 10.1016/j.ccr.2011.01.012
[NCID] AA00619249
[DOI] http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ccr.2011.01.012